Texas

State

Add Comparison

Population

28.7M

1.4% 1-year growth

US Senator

John Cornyn

Republican Party

US Senator

Ted Cruz

Republican Party

Median Age

34.9

Poverty Rate

15.5%

Median Household Income

$60,629

2.4% 1-year growth

Median Property Value

$186,000

8.01% 1-year growth

Number of Employees

12.7M

2.17% 1-year growth

About

In 2018, Texas had a population of 28.7M people with a median age of 34.9 and a median household income of $60,629. Between 2017 and 2018 the population of Texas grew from 28.3M to 28.7M, a 1.4% increase and its median household income grew from $59,206 to $60,629, a 2.4% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Texas are White (Non-Hispanic) (41.4%), White (Hispanic) (32.1%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (11.9%), Other (Hispanic) (5.8%), and Asian (Non-Hispanic) (4.93%). 35.8% of the people in Texas speak a non-English language, and 89.3% are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Texas are The University of Texas at Austin (16,610 degrees awarded in 2017), Texas A & M University-College Station (16,443 degrees), and The University of Texas at Arlington (12,789 degrees).

The median property value in Texas is $186,000, and the homeownership rate is 61.7%. Most people in Texas commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 25.3 minutes. The average car ownership in Texas is 2 cars per household.

Texas borders Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, and Oklahoma.

About the photo: Austin at Sunset

Photo by Ed Schipul

United States

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in Texas, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Impact on Employment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Texas (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of Texas across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Civics

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in Texas went to Donald J. Trump with 52.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Hillary Rodham Clinton (43.2%), followed by Gary Johnson (3.16%). The most partisan county was Roberts County, TX with 94.6% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

John Cornyn and Ted Cruz are the senators currently representing the state of Texas. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Texas is currently represented by 36 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

2016 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (52.2%)
Republican Party
Hillary Rodham Clinton (43.2%)
Democratic Party
Gary Johnson (3.16%)
Libertarian Party

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in Texas went to Donald J. Trump with 52.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Hillary Rodham Clinton (43.2%), followed by Gary Johnson (3.16%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Texas for each registered party from 1976 to 2016.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

Donald J. Trump

Popular Vote for Texas

52.2% for the Republican Party

Most Partisan Counties in Texas

Roberts County, TX
94.6% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
King County, TX
93.7% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Motley County, TX
92% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)

In the 2016 presidential election, the most partisan county in Texas was Roberts County, TX with 94.6% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

The following map shows the counties in Texas colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from Texas

John Cornyn

Senator from Texas

Assumed office on December 2, 2002

Ted Cruz

Senator from Texas

Assumed office on January 3, 2013

John Cornyn and Ted Cruz are the senators currently representing Texas.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Texas over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from Texas

Texas is currently represented by 36 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Texas have changed over time starting in 2008.

Diversity

Texas is home to a population of 28.7M people, from which 89.3% are citizens. As of 2018, 16.5% of Texas residents were born outside of the country (4.74M people).

In 2018, there were 1.29 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (11.9M people) in Texas than any other race or ethnicity. There were 9.22M White (Hispanic) and 3.41M Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common foreign languages spoken in Texas are Spanish (7,836,986 speakers), Vietnamese (218,401 speakers), and Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (184,910 speakers).

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Texas

White (Non-Hispanic)
11.9M ± 5.48k
White (Hispanic)
9.22M ± 41.2k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
3.41M ± 15.6k

39.6%

Hispanic Population

11.4M people

39.6% of the people in Texas are hispanic (11.4M people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Texas as a share of the total population.

Non-English Speakers

Most Common Languages

Spanish
7,836,986 speakers (29.4%)
Vietnamese
218,401 speakers (0.818%)
Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
184,910 speakers (0.693%)

35.8% of Texas citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is higher than the national average of 21.9%. In 2018, the most common non-English language spoken in Texas was Spanish. 29.4% of the overall population of Texas are native Spanish speakers. 0.818% speak Vietnamese and 0.693% speak Spanish, the next two most common languages.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

16.5%

2018 Foreign-Born Population

4.74M people

16.3%

2017 Foreign-Born Population

4.62M people

As of 2018, 16.5% of Texas residents (4.74M people) were born outside of the United States, which is higher than the national average of 13.7%. In 2017, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Texas was 16.3%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Texas compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.1

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 0.2

In 2018, the median age of all people in Texas was 34.9. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 32, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 43. But people in Texas are getting getting older. In 2017, the average age of all Texas residents was 35.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Mexico
2,516,437 ± 37,200 people
India
285,714 ± 13,058 people
El Salvador
228,916 ± 11,700 people

In 2018, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Texas was Mexico, the natal country of 2,516,437 Texas residents, followed by India with 285,714 and El Salvador with 228,916.

Citizenship

89.3%

2018 Citizenship

89.3%

2017 Citizenship

As of 2018, 89.3% of Texas residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.2%. In 2017, the percentage of US citizens in Texas was 89.3%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Texas compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
440,520 ± 9,615
Gulf War (2001-)
396,060 ± 13,171
Gulf War (1990s)
234,910 ± 8,896

Texas has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.11 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

Median household income in Texas is $60,629. In 2018, the county with the highest Median Household Income in Texas was Rockwall County, TX with a value of $100,595, followed by Collin County, TX and Fort Bend County, TX, with respective values of $96,051 and $91,931.

Males in Texas have an average income that is 1.38 times higher than the average income of females, which is $48,835. The income inequality in Texas (measured using the Gini index) is 0.479, which is higher than than the national average.

The economy of Texas employs 12.7M people. The largest industries in Texas are Construction (988,542 people), Restaurants & Food Services (906,232 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (904,691 people), and the highest paying industries are Oil & gas extraction ($135,355), Software publishing ($131,505), and Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($121,119).

Wages

Median Household Income

$60,629

2018 value

± $279

2.4%

1 Year Growth

± 0.925%

Households in Texas have a median annual income of $60,629, which is less than the median annual income of $61,937 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $59,206 in 2017, which represents a 2.4% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Texas compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

$67,436

Average Male Salary in Texas

± $718

$48,835

Average Female Salary in Texas

± $539

In 2018, full-time male employees in Texas made 1.38 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Texas by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in Texas

Asian
$66,902 ± $2,105
White
$54,641 ± $518
Two or More Races
$47,698 ± $2,518

In 2018 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Texas workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.22 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in Texas.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Texas by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

0.479

2018 Wage GINI in Texas

0.479

2017 Wage GINI in Texas

In 2018, the income inequality in Texas was 0.479 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.0209% growth from 2017 to 2018, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Texas was higher than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in Texas in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Texas across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2018, the county with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Texas was Rockwall County, TX with a value of $100,595, followed by Collin County, TX and Fort Bend County, TX, with respective values of $96,051 and $91,931.

The following map shows all of the counties in Texas colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

15.5% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Texas (4.21M out of 27.3M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 13.1%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Males 6 - 11.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

White
2,936,874 ± 14,504
Hispanic
2,365,585 ± 12,860
Black
654,449 ± 7,022

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Texas is White, followed by Hispanic and Black.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

12.7M

2018 Value

2.17%

1 Year growth

± 2.17%

From 2017 to 2018, employment in Texas grew at a rate of 2.17%, from 12.5M employees to 12.7M employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Texas, are Elementary & middle school teachers (381,872 people), Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (335,693 people), and Cashiers (323,055 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Texas.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Texas, by number of employees, are Elementary & middle school teachers (381,872 people), Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (335,693 people), and Cashiers (323,055 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other states, Texas has an unusually high number of residents working as Petroleum, mining & geological engineers, including mining safety engineers (5.98 times higher than expected), Miscellaneous extraction workers, including roof bolters & helpers (4.01 times), and Derrick, rotary drill, & service unit operators, & roustabouts, oil, gas, & mining (3.14 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Texas, by average salary, are Surgeons ($230,974), Astronomers & physicists ($228,824), and Physicians ($223,550).

Industries

Employment by Industries

12.7M

2018 Value

2.17%

1 Year growth

± 2.17%

From 2017 to 2018, employment in Texas grew at a rate of 2.17%, from 12.5M employees to 12.7M employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Texas, are Construction (988,542 people), Restaurants & Food Services (906,232 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (904,691 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Texas, though some of these residents may live in Texas and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Texas, by number of employees, are Construction (988,542 people), Restaurants & Food Services (906,232 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (904,691 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other states, Texas has an unusually high number of Oil & gas extraction (5.94 times higher than expected), Support activities for mining (5.7 times), and Petroleum refining (4.72 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Texas, by average salary, are Oil & gas extraction ($135,355), Software publishing ($131,505), and Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($121,119).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Texas to other states, or from other states to Texas.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

Fuel oils
$282B
Gasoline
$216B
Mixed freight
$159B

In 2015, the top outbound Texas product (by dollars) was Fuel oils with $282B, followed by Gasoline ($216B) and Mixed freight ($159B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Texas products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Texas.

$1.97T

2015 Value in Texas

$2.8T

Projected 2045 Value in Texas

42.1% growth

In 2015, total outbound Texas trade was $1.97T. This is expected to increase 42.1% to $2.8T by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Texas trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Texas to other states, or from other states to Texas.

Most Common Trade Partners

Louisiana
$85.7B
Oklahoma
$53.4B
California
$34.5B

In 2015, the top outbound Texas domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Louisiana with $85.7B, followed by Oklahoma with $53.4B and California and $34.5B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Texas shares with each state (excluding itself).

Education

In 2017, universities in Texas awarded 365,827 degrees. The student population of Texas is skewed towards women, with 716,063 male students and 940,485 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Texas are White (142,307 and 41.4%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (122,141 and 35.5%), Black or African American (42,122 and 12.2%), and Asian (20,348 and 5.91%).

The largest universities in Texas by number of degrees awarded are The University of Texas at Austin (16,610 and 4.54%), Texas A & M University-College Station (16,443 and 4.49%), and The University of Texas at Arlington (12,789 and 3.5%).

The most popular majors in Texas are General Studies (32,899 and 8.99%), General Business Administration & Management (19,705 and 5.39%), and Registered Nursing (16,851 and 4.61%).

The median tuition costs in Texas are $23,919 for private four year colleges, and $5,262 and $16,589 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

Registered Nursing
10,677 degree-majorss awarded
Other Multidisciplinary Studies
9,429 degree-majorss awarded
General Psychology
6,663 degree-majorss awarded

In 2015, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Texas was Registered Nursing with 10,677 degree-majorss awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Texas according to their major.

Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

The University of Texas at Austin
16,610 degrees awarded
Texas A & M University-College Station
16,443 degrees awarded
The University of Texas at Arlington
12,789 degrees awarded

$5,262

Median In-State Public

$23,919

Median Private

In 2017, the Texas institution with the largest number of graduating students was The University of Texas at Austin with 16,610 degrees awarded.

Student Gender for Common Institutions

155,429

Degrees Awarded to Men

210,398

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2017, 155,429 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Texas, which is 0.739 times less than the 210,398 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the gender disparity between the top 5 institutions in Texas by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

White
142,307 degrees awarded
Hispanic or Latino
122,141 degrees awarded
Black or African American
42,122 degrees awarded

In 2017 the majority of degrees awarded at institutions in Texas were to White students. These 142,307 degrees mean that there were 1.17 times more White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 122,141 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Texas was $186,000 in 2018, which is 0.81 times smaller than the national average of $229,700. Between 2017 and 2018 the median property value increased from $172,200 to $186,000, a 8.01% increase. The homeownership rate in Texas is 61.7%, which is lower than the national average of 63.9%. People in Texas have an average commute time of 25.3 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Texas is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$186,000

2018 Median

± $1,168

$172,200

2017 Median

± $747

In 2018, the median property value in Texas grew to to $186,000 from the previous year's value of $172,200.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Texas compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Texas the largest share of households have a property value in the $200k - $250k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$60,629

Median Household Income

± $279

9.78M

Number of Households

± 53,500

In 2018, the median household income of the 9.78M households in Texas grew to $60,629 from the previous year's value of $59,206.

The following chart displays the households in Texas distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Texas distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Texas the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

Rent vs Own

61.7%

2018 Homeownership

62%

2017 Homeownership

In 2018, 61.7% of the housing units in Texas were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 62%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Texas compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

25.3 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Texas have a shorter commute time (25.3 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.7 minutes). Additionally, 2.27% of the workforce in Texas have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Texas compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Method of Travel

Drove Alone
80.7%
Carpooled
9.76%
Worked At Home
5.2%

In 2018, the most common method of travel for workers in Texas was Drove Alone (80.7%), followed by those who Carpooled (9.76%) and those who Worked At Home (5.2%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Texas distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Texas have 2 cars, followed by 3 cars.

Health

82.7% of the population of Texas has health coverage, with 46.1% on employee plans, 15% on Medicaid, 8.77% on Medicare, 10.9% on non-group plans, and 1.93% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in Texas was $6,998 in 2014. This is a 5.06% increase from the previous year ($6,661).

Primary care physicians in Texas see 1670 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.12% decrease from the previous year (1672 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1790 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 1012 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Cass County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (14.5%). Additionally, Angelina County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (39.6%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,670 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Texas

Primary care physicians in Texas see an average of 1,670 patients per year. This represents a 0.12% decrease from the previous year (1,672 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Texas in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

$6,998

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in Texas

$4,696

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$7,273

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$11,895

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Texas (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 5.06%, from $6,661 to $6,998.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

17.3%

Uninsured

46.1%

Employer Coverage

15%

Medicaid

8.77%

Medicare

10.9%

Non-Group

1.93%

Military or VA

Between 2016 and 2017, the percent of uninsured citizens in Texas grew by 4.26% from 16.6% to 17.3%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Texas changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.